Bullying, violence, and risk behavior in South African school students     

Liang H  Flisher AJ  Lombard CJ 《Child abuse & neglect》2007,31(2):161-171

OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of bullying behavior in adolescents from Cape Town and Durban, South Africa, and the association of these behaviors with levels of violence and risk behavior. METHOD: Five thousand and seventy-four adolescent schoolchildren in grade 8 (mean age 14.2 years) and grade 11 (mean age 17.4 years) at 72 Government schools in Cape Town and Durban, South Africa completed self-report questionnaires on participation in bullying, violent, anti-social and risk behaviors. RESULTS: Over a third (36.3%) of students were involved in bullying behavior, 8.2% as bullies, 19.3% as victims and 8.7% as bully-victims (those that are both bullied and bully others). Male students were most at risk of both perpetration and victimization, with younger boys more vulnerable to victimization. Violent and anti-social behaviors were increased in bullies, victims and bully-victims compared to controls not involved in any bullying behavior (p<.01 in all cases). Risk taking behavior was elevated for bullies and bully-victims, but for victims was largely comparable to controls. Victims were less likely to smoke than controls (odds ratio .83, p<.05). Bully-victims showed largely comparable violent, anti-social and risk taking behavior profiles to bullies. Bully-victims showed comparable suicidal ideation and smoking profiles to victims. CONCLUSIONS: Results were in keeping with Western findings. Involvement in bullying is a common problem for young South Africans. Bullying behavior can act as an indicator of violent, anti-social and risk-taking behaviors.  相似文献   

The home inventory of dangers and safety precautions-2: addressing critical needs for prescriptive assessment devices in child maltreatment and in healthcare     

Tymchuk AJ  Lang CM  Dolyniuk CA  Berney-Ficklin K  Spitz R 《Child abuse & neglect》1999,23(1):1-14

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Comparison of bibliographic databases for information on the rehabilitation of people with severe mental illness   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Brettle AJ  Long AF 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》2001,89(4):353-362

OBJECTIVE: The research sought to examine the overlap in coverage between several health-related databases, thus enabling the identification of the most important sources for searching for information on the rehabilitation of people with severe mental illness. METHODS: The literature was searched within a systematic review. Several health-related databases were retrieved (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycLIT, Sociofile, and Social Science Citation Index), noting their source and comparing results retrieved from each database. FINDINGS: The total number of studies retrieved from each database varied. Almost a third of the papers retrieved from each database were unique to that source. Forty-two percent of the papers were only found in one database. Restricting a search to one database alone would miss many papers and could affect the results of a systematic review. PsycLIT was the most useful database for this topic area, containing 44% of the papers. MEDLINE, the database of first choice for many health professionals, held only 29%. CONCLUSIONS: No database was determined to be significantly more useful than any other--each warranted inclusion in the study. Reliance cannot be placed on one database alone, and other methods such as hand searching should also be used. Although this may not be new information for information professionals, it is likely to be new for health professionals and researchers who are increasingly performing their own literature searches. Information professionals have an important role to play in conveying this message to those outside their profession.  相似文献   

Josep Laporte Library Foundation: a model of knowledge management in the life and health sciences     

Jovell AJ 《Health information and libraries journal》2002,19(3):176-180

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The initiation of distance learning at Thomas Jefferson University: the library as integral partner     

Frisby AJ  Jones SS 《Medical reference services quarterly》2000,19(3):19-37

In 1998 Thomas Jefferson University offered its first entirely online course. Librarians and library staff were integral in the development, support, evaluation, and refinement of this course. While staff members may have taken non-traditional roles in this effort, their roles generally fell within the broad guidelines of assisting University faculty with information and knowledge management. The development and support of distance course offerings will continue to be a focus at Scott Memorial Library.  相似文献   

职业化的科技编辑   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Loon  AJ 张利军 《编辑学报》1997,9(2):118-119

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Biomechanics of aggressive inline skating: landing and balancing on a grind rail     

Major MJ  Beaudoin AJ  Kurath P  Hsiao-Wecksler ET 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(12):1411-1422

Currently, only epidemiological injury data have been reported for the new extreme sport of aggressive inline skating, or trick skating. No studies have examined the biomechanics of this sport, which involves repetitive jumping and landing from railings, ramps, and ledges, often over 1 m in height. We present results of a pilot study that examined the effect of skater experience and lower extremity biomechanics on energy absorption ability, and observed balance strategies used during two basic tricks. In these tricks, the skater jumps onto an elevated rail and maintains balance while standing in a single position (stall) or sliding along the rail (grind). Lower extremity joint kinematics, impact force characteristics, and general movement behaviours were examined during landing and balance phases. Ten male skaters performed ten stalls and ten frontside grinds on an instrumented grind rail, capable of measuring vertical force. Vertical impact force was found to decrease with increasing skater experience in stalls (r = -0.84, P = 0.002) and grinds (r = -0.84, P = 0.009). This might imply that less-experienced skaters are (subconsciously) more concerned about maintaining balance than refining technique to minimize impact force. Similar to drop landing experiments, peak impact force decreased with increasing knee flexion during stalls (r = -0.65, P = 0.04). During stalls, skaters demonstrated classic balance maintenance strategies (ankle, hip, or multi-joint) depending on trick length. During grinds, skater centre of mass never passed over the rail base of support, suggesting the use of momentum produced from obliquely approaching the rail.  相似文献   

新课改背景下高中数学教育教学观念的转变路径探析     

张利军 《数理天地(高中版)》2023,(23):51-53

在新课程改革背景下,高中数学教育教学观念的转变是必然,其观念的转变带来的必然是学生对数学学习兴趣的提高、数学教学效率的提升.而且,数学教育教学观念的转变,是推进素质教育的需要,也是推进教学改革的需要.因此,在高中数学教学中,教师应从合理制定教学目标、有效创新教学方法、注重学生能力培养、打造双赢教学环境、积极引入实践活动等五个方面入手,探究数学教育教学观念的转变路径.  相似文献   

有机化学家与个人计算机     

Laws.  AJ 宋召 《科学对社会的影响》1990,39(4):18-27

化学结构控制化合物的性质,因此,化学结构的鉴别、分类和明确表达成为有机化学家的当务之急,是不令人惊奇的。个人计算机正在使这些任务发生革命,并展现着精确预测化学性质的前景。  相似文献   

中国科协所属全国性学会主办期刊调查研究     

张利军  王晓彬 《学会》2007,(11):53-60

<正>学会期刊的历史悠久,是学会组织中一个巨大的资源优势,是一笔巨大的财富,是学会开展学术交流等活动的坚实基础。一、全国性学会主办期刊的现状(一)期刊的基本情况  相似文献